DIRECT
AND INDIRECT SPEECH
The
sentences that tell us the exact words of the speaker are said to be
in Direct Speech.
The
words spoken by the speaker are placed within inverted commas (''
'')
Sentences
where one reports what the speaker has said are in INDIRECT SPEECH.
RULES
FOR CHANGING ASSERTIVE SENTENCES FROM DIRECT TO INDIRECT SPEECH.
1.Simple
present--- Simple past
(go)
(went)
is/are/am
was/were
2.Present
Continuous--- Past Continuous
(is/are/am)
(was/were)
3.Present
Perfect----Past Perfect
(has/have)
(had)
4.Simple
Past--- Past Perfect
(went)
(had gone)
or
unchanged
Past
continuous---Past Perfect continuous
(was/were)
(had been)
said
to---told
(COPY REST
OF THE RULES OF NEARNESS OF TIME AND DISTANCE FROM pg 144)
18.can----could
19.may—might
20.will---would
21.shall---should
22.
Ist person 2nd person---3rd person
EX
A (pg 143)
1.The
teacher said,''Manish,keep studying hard or you will fail.''
Adarsh
said,''My favourite sport is cricket.''
Gita
asked,'' Can I come to the town with you to visit the bank?''
The
Principal said,'' I do not expect such low grades from you.''
''Will
you come to my party tomorrow?'' asked Gautam.
The
teacher said,'' I hope to see you at picnic tomorrow.''
Preeti
asked,''Why have you not done your homework?''
Hemant
exclaimed,''What a beautiful rainbow!''
EX
B (PG 144)
1.Susan
said that she could cook rice and curry.
2.My
father told Karan that they would go for a picnic the next day.
3.The
Principal told Imran that he had been promoted to the next class.
4.The
teacher told Mary that she was a lazy girl.
5.Mr.James
said that they had bought a new computer.
6.Mrs.
Bagchi said that the students were studying for the final
examinations.
7.The
man at the gate said that the family had gone out to watch a film.
8.The
Principal said that he would be punished if he was disobedient.
EX C (pg 145)
1.Shyam said,''I am missing my parents.''
2.She said to us,''I have won the lottery.''
3.I said to him,'' I can not meet you now.''
7.The teacher said to the students,'' The earth is round.''
8. The boy said to his mother,'' I am very hungry.''
9.Grandfather said to Sukanya,'' Honesty is the best policy.''
10. Father said ,''I have lost my car keys.''
11.Yogesh said ,'' I want to go home because I feel sick.''
12.Aunt said to Sid,''Tom is looking better.''